I have traveled the world and wish that I had read this before I left.

So you just had a five-star meal in Qatar. Or went scuba diving in beautiful Bohol in the Philippines. Well, lucky you! But how do you express your appreciation for the service you received? Are you in a country where tipping is customary and required? Appreciated but not expected? Or virtually unheard-of? The truth is, tipping rules vary by country, by region, and by scenario. A modest rounding up of the check may be fine in some places and insufficient in others. A few small bills left on a night table might be gladly picked up by housecleaning staff in one hotel and scrupulously shunned elsewhere. Such uncertainties can throw an uneasy shadow over even the most exhilarating jaunt in a new land. That’s why we’ve spelled out guidelines for the most common tipping situations in more than 25 countries, from Switzerland to Syria to Singapore. Read on.

THE MIDDLE EAST
The tipping culture is often complex and subtle in this part of the world. "It’s known for being very friendly and hospitable, with people providing too much service," says Rita Zawaideh, the Jordanian-born owner of Seattle’s Caravan-Serai Tours, which plans trips to the region. In return, "people’s hands are out a little bit more." While you may give more often in these parts, it’s usually in small amounts—and it’s deeply appreciated.
DUBAI
Dubai’s government mandates adding a 10 percent service charge to all bills at hotels, restaurants, and bars. (Tips are usually divided equally among staff but sometimes go directly to the people who have helped you.) Feel free to top it off with a few dirhams (each is worth about a quarter). Parking valets and porters are the exception—they usually get 10 dirhams. Bag packers in markets might appreciate a few coins; cabdrivers don’t expect anything, but rounding up to the 5-dirham note is good practice.
EGYPT
At Restaurants: The tip is included in the bill; add 5–10 percent above that.
At Hotels: One to two dollars a day for the housekeeper (pay throughout your stay to ensure great cleaning); $1 per bag for the porter; concierges are powerful and very helpful, so $10–$20 at the beginning of your stay will go far.
Guides and Drivers: Cabdrivers, 10–15 percent; guides (who almost never drive you), $20 per person per day; drivers a little less.
Dollars Accepted?: Everything is accepted, and often preferable to local currency.
P.S. Guides are often well-trained Egyptologists whose function is not only to educate but also to divert the many locals who will have their hands out for baksheesh, whether they’ve earned it or not. James Berkeley, president of Destinations and Adventures, which arranges trips to Egypt and the Middle East, likes to tell "the biggest joke in tourism": A camel driver tells you, "No charge to get on my camel—but five-dollar tip." You pay, you lumber up onto the camel. Then he says, "Twenty-dollar tip to get off."
IRAN
Unlike Europeans, Americans can’t travel independently in Iran; they must be with a government-approved tour, which means that most service charges are included and tipping isn’t necessary. If restaurant service is really good, leave a few more dollars. In hotels, if you really want to express appreciation, says Zawaideh, give a small gift from the United States (a T-shirt or hat bearing the name of an American city or sports team). In a closed country like Iran, she says, "they love that stuff—it means a lot more." But if you do tip, dollars are accepted.
ISRAEL
At Restaurants: As in European countries, the tip is routinely included in the bill; add a shekel per customer (they’re about three to the dollar).
At Hotels: A shekel or two for the concierge for a small favor. Six shekels per bag for porters; 3–6 shekels per day for housekeepers.
Guides and Drivers: Ten to 15 percent for taxis; 90–120 shekels per person per day for tour guides, 120–150 shekels for driver-guides.
Dollars Accepted?: No. Be prepared to give shekels.
P.S. "Nobody’s ever gone to Israel for good service," says James Berkeley, who calls the taxi drivers "the grumpiest in the world." So adjust your idea of what’s tip-worthy accordingly.
JORDAN
At Restaurants: Service is almost always included in the bill; add 5–10 percent for the waiter.
At Hotels: One dinar ($1.50) per bag for the porter, same per night for the housekeeper—or a bit more, as they tend to be impoverished Palestinians. Tip the concierge—in advance—only if you expect something very special to be done, like access to rare tickets.
Guides and Drivers: Ten to 15 percent for taxis; $30 per person per day for tour guides; private driver, $30 per day total.
Anyone Else?: Bedouins in Petra—a tribe called Nabateans—control most tourism to the ancient city—part of a deal worked out with the king when the city was made tourist-friendly. They will sometimes keep asking for tips—even after you’ve already paid. It’s okay to decline firmly.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, and euros, too.
P.S. Berkeley says to ask whoever arranged your guides—local or government-sanctioned—whether the tip has been prepaid. If so, refuse to pay more.
LEBANON
At Restaurants: Tip 10 percent of the bill. In a nice restaurant, you might want to discreetly give the maître d’ $25 up front to ensure top service, especially if you’re in a group. If you’ve enjoyed the musicians, give them $5 or so.
At Hotels: Tips are included if on group tours; otherwise, it’s $2 a bag for porters, $2 for doormen who hail a cab or give directions, a few bucks a day for maids. Giving $20 to $25 to the concierge up front will secure you good service throughout your stay.
Guides and Drivers: If you’re not in a prepaid group, tip guides about $10 per person per day, drivers $5 per person per day.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, and euros.
P.S. If you visit churches in Lebanon, leave something in the offering box at the entrance. Tip bartenders as you would in the States. And if you ski, tip the instructor $20.
QATAR
At Restaurants: Leave 15 to 20 percent.
At Hotels: Follow the standard for hotels in big American cities: $2 to $3 for doormen when they call a cab, $2 to $5 a day for housekeepers, and $2 a bag for porters.
Guides and Drivers: Tip $10 per person per day for drivers, $5 per person per day for guides.
Dollars Accepted? Yes.
SAUDI ARABIA
At Restaurants: Tips aren’t included, so leave 10 to 15 percent of the bill. And, says Zawaideh, asking for doggie bags is a no-no in the Middle East; uneaten food is taken home by kitchen staff or given to the homeless.
At Hotels: To ensure good service throughout a stay, says Zawaideh, "I give the concierge $20 to $25 when I get there so he remembers who I am." Give porters $1 to $2 per bag and leave about $2 a day in your room for housekeepers.
Guides and Drivers: Give guides about $10 per person per day if you’re going out al
one or in a very small group, about $7 per person per day in a large group. Give drivers $5 per person per day; if they have assistants who keep the car clean and get water, give them $2 per person per day.
Dollars Accepted? Yes.
P.S. If you visit a mosque, leave $1 for the person who hands out robes for women to wear and 50 cents to $1 for the person who minds your shoes, which you respectfully doff at the door. "Don’t make it obvious that you’re tipping someone," advises Zawaideh. "Put the tip in an envelope for guides and drivers, palm it off with a handshake and a thank-you to the concierge, and slip it in the jacket pocket of the maître d’ to get a good table." And keep in mind that most workers here are foreigners from, say, India or the Philippines. They depend upon your tips to support their families.
SYRIA
At Restaurants: Leave about 10 percent of the bill.
At Hotels: Same guidelines as in Lebanon (unless you’re on a group tour).
Guides and Drivers: Same guidelines as in Lebanon.
Dollars Accepted? Yes.
P.S. If you visit a mosque, follow the same tipping rules as you would in Saudi Arabia.
UNITED ARAB EMIRATES
At Restaurants: U.S. rules apply; tip 15 to 20 percent. In a so-called seven-star restaurant, which you’ll find here, tip the maître d’ $50 to $100 to ensure superior service (you’re going to be paying $200 per person for the meal, anyway).
At Hotels: Tip the concierge $30 to $35 every time you have a major request, like a special restaurant reservation. Tip porters $2 per bag, doormen $2 to $3 to hail cabs, and maids $3 a day.
Guides and Drivers: Guides get $10 to $20 per person per day, drivers $5 per person per day.
Dollars Accepted? Yes.
P.S. Unlike elsewhere in the region, don’t tip bathroom attendants in the United Arab Emirates.
YEMEN
At Restaurants: Tip 10 percent in top restaurants; in folksier places, a couple of bucks will suffice.
At Hotels: Leave cleaning staff about $2 per day. Concierges aren’t really common here; give a few dollars to whoever stores your luggage after you check out.
Guides and Drivers: If you leave Sanaa, the capital of Yemen, you’ll likely go out in a jeep with a convoy of military guards. "You might have five or six young people with their AK-47s," says Zawaideh. Give $20 to $25 to the main guard, and he’ll distribute it among the others. And make sure you arrange to go to different parts of the country with representatives from each area’s ruling tribe. You’ll likely visit the private homes of tribe or village leaders. Bring little gifts, such as crayons and coloring books for the children. Failing that, you can give money to the man of the house—never to the woman (that’s considered improper)—and say that it’s for the children, so as not to offend.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, as are euros.

AFRICA
It helps, in some of the world’s least developed areas, not just to be generous but to be thoughtful. Your porter in Johannesburg may be well versed in the way of tourists, but that doesn’t mean he can easily exchange a ratty five-dollar bill.
MOROCCO
At Restaurants: Ten percent is generous, but check to make sure the service isn’t included in the bill.
At Hotels: Two dollars per bag to the porter; $10 to the concierge at the beginning of your stay, to guarantee good service; $5 per night to the housekeeper, preferably paid day by day.
Guides and Drivers: For cab-drivers, round up to the next 10-dirham note; private drivers and guides should both get around $15 per day.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes.
P.S. In Morocco, "tipping is best done quietly, perhaps off to the side," suggests Joel Zack of Heritage Tours, which specializes in travel to Morocco. He recommends the furtive handshake-with-cash-in-palm move, accompanied by a smile and a thank-you.
SOUTH AFRICA
At Restaurants: Ten to 15 percent to the waiter.
At Hotels: A dollar per bag to the porter and per night to the housekeeper; $3–$5 to the concierge.
Guides and Drivers: : Taxi drivers, 10 percent; private drivers, 10 percent of total fare; tour guides, $10 per person per day.
What Else?: South African authorities employ "car guards" and airport porters semi-officially to cut down on unemployment; most don’t get salaries and rely on tips. When parking a car, you might be approached by a guard. If he shows identification, he’s probably the real deal. Pay him 15–20 rand when you return; pay an airport porter 20–30 rand, depending on luggage weight and distance traveled.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, but not for car guards and airport porters, who’d have trouble changing them.

THE AMERICAS
Latin America may be just south of the border, but tipping customs vary widely. "Whereas in the United States you’d leave 15 to 20 percent on a meal, in Latin America it’s more like 8 to 12 percent outside of modern places in large capitals," says Clark Kotula of Geographic Expeditions, which organizes trips to the region. And while tipping is not as much a part of the culture in Latin America as in the United States, workers still appreciate tips, even if they don’t expect them
ARGENTINA
At Restaurants: Ten percent to the waiter.
At Hotels: At least 10 pesos for a porter, and up to 20 for a particularly helpful one.
Guides and Drivers: Round up for taxi drivers; 10 percent for "remisses" (common local car services); 10 percent for a full-day driver, more for a really good one; 30–60 pesos for a full-day guide, a bit more for a great one.
Dollars Accepted?: Not recommended.
P.S. "Tipping is more expensive now than it used to be," says travel agent (and native Argentine) Vanessa Heitner of Limitless Argentina. "There were times when a 20-peso tip at the higher end meant a lot, but nowadays it isn’t enough." Because of inflation, she notes, the proper amount is a moving target. Also, be sure to have plenty of change in your pocket for tipping—there’s a serious shortage of it, and many shops and restaurants will refuse to break bills.
BRAZIL
At Restaurants: No tip required; 10 percent is routinely included in the bill for "servico."
At Hotels: Two dollars per bag for the porter; no tip expected for the concierge; $2 a day for the housekeeper.
Guides and Drivers: Round up for cabdrivers; for a private driver, give about $20–$50 for a full day, depending on the quality of the service; same for an all-day tour guide (they rely heavily on tips, so be generous).
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, and encouraged, due to a favorable exchange rate.
Who Else?: At ecoresorts in the Amazon, there are often boatmen in addition to tour guides. Tip them $10–$15 per day.
P.S. "Brazilians are discreet and subtle when it comes to business transactions," says travel agent Jill Siegel of South American Escapes. "It’s helpful w
hen tipping someone not to make a great display. You might verbally thank them, shake their hand, and express your appreciation while handing the bills folded."
CANADA
At Restaurants: As in the United States, the gratuity isn’t included, so tip the standard 15 to 20 percent, depending on the service.
At Hotels: Concierges who go out of their way for you should get $10 to $20 per favor; porters get $1 or $2 per bag; housekeepers $2 a day, or $5 in a luxury hotel. "Leave something for them daily," advises Mary Pyle Peters of Distinctive Journeys in Blaisden, California, which organizes Canada trips. The person who cleaned your room all week may not be the same one who comes in the day you check out.
Guides and Drivers: Tip them collectively 15 percent of the cost of the excursion. Taxi drivers get 10 to 15 percent.
Dollars Accepted? Yes. "As long as you use paper money, not U.S. coins," says Peters.
CHILE
At Restaurants: A 10 percent tip is included in the bill; feel free to put down a few more bills amounting to another 5 percent. Nicer restaurants may also charge a 5 to 7 percent cubierto, basically a sit-down charge.
At Hotels: If you want extra-good service, consider tipping the concierge (if there is one) $20 up front. Porters get $1 per bag, doormen a few dollars if they hail you a cab, cleaning staff $2 a day (given at the end of your stay, preferably in person or marked for them in an envelope—otherwise they might not take it).
Guides and Drivers: Tip guides $10 to $25 per person per day, depending on how many people are in your group; $5 a day for drivers. With cabs, round up the fare.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, but they may be harder for the recipient to spend than the Chilean peso.
P.S. An organized camping trek to, say, Patagonia could involve extra staff such as a cook, who would be tipped roughly $5 per person per day.
COLOMBIA
At Restaurants: Check the bill to see if the tip is included. If it is, it’s usually 8 to 10 percent, and it’s still common to tip more, up to 15 to 18 percent total.
At Hotels: If you’re staying in a small rural hacienda, a family staff usually cooks, cleans, and tends the gardens, so leave a pooled tip of $5 to $10 per person per night at the end of your stay. In standard hotels, the usual tipping rules apply: about $1 to doormen and cleaning staff per bag or daily cleanup.
Guides and Drivers: Tip $10 per person per day for guides and $5 per person per day for drivers. You don’t need to tip taxi drivers unless they really go out of their way to help you.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, but they’re harder for locals to use because the government has cracked down in recent years on money laundering, says Clark Kotula. Try to tip in Colombian pesos.
P.S. When you put your dinner on a credit or debit card, you’ll be asked, "Cuantos quotas?"—meaning over how many months do you want your bill payment broken up, a feature that is unique to Colombia, says Kotula. Just say one.
COSTA RICA
At Restaurants: Tip is included in the bill; anything additional is a pleasant surprise.
At Hotels: Twenty-five to 50 cents per bag to the porter, $1 per bag at a fine hotel; leave $1 a day for the housekeeper.
Guides and Drivers: Tip cabbies a small amount if you have luggage; drivers get $2–$4 for a long drive, $1–$2 for a trip from the airport; tour guides should get $5–$10 per person per day.
Who Else?: On an organized tour involving several guides, there’s usually a jar for tips to be divvied up among staff—leave $2–$3 for each person who’s helped. On a boat, $5–$10 for the captain will be distributed among the crew.
P.S. At the Four Seasons, all tips are covered by a resort charge, so no need to add on. Costa Ricans generally get paid better than other Central American guides. "Rarely do you find them standing around with their hand out for a tip," says Leigh Ann Cloutier of Rico Tours.
ECUADOR
At Restaurants: A 10 percent tip is usually included in the bill, but feel free to leave an extra 5 to 10 percent in nicer restaurants.
At Hotels: Give porters about 50 cents a bag, doormen $1 to $2 if they hail you a taxi, and cleaning staff $1 a day at the end of your stay—either directly or left in an envelope at the front desk.
Guides and Drivers: Guides get about $10 per person per day, drivers half that. An Andes trek may include a cook, who gets $5 per person per day, and a burro driver, who gets about $2 to $3 per person per day.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, they are the currency of Ecuador.
P.S. Taxi drivers don’t expect a tip but appreciate one of about 10 percent if they’ve been chatty or helpful. And many tourists in Ecuador go on Galápagos Islands boat excursions replete with naturalist guides, who get $50 to $75 per person, and kitchen staff, who get $80 to $100 per person, at the trip’s end.
MEXICO
At Restaurants: Ten to 15 percent, cash preferred.
At Hotels: About 10–20 pesos per bag for the porter (you can leave it at check-in if you won’t be there when your bags arrive); 20–50 pesos per night for the housekeeper; 50–150 pesos for the concierge.
Guides and Drivers: About 100–200 pesos per full day per person for tours, 200–300 pesos per day for combined driver-guide.
Who Else?: Gas station attendants should get 5 pesos per fill-up; use your judgment with parking attendants, doormen, and maître d’s, depending on service.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, but local currency is better (estimate 10 pesos to the dollar). "We must be sensitive to the fact that Mexico is not an extension of the U.S.," says Mexico specialist Adamarie King, of Connoisseur’s Travel.
P.S. Tip discreetly, in an envelope if possible. If a craftsman gives a demonstration, it’s better to buy a small piece of his work than to tip. Beware of boys wielding squeegees. "If you don’t ward them off with a friendly shake of the head," says King, "you are giving tacit permission, and a small tip—5 pesos—is considered due."
NICARAGUA
At Restaurants: Leave an 8 to 10 percent tip.
At Hotels: Give porters about 50 cents a bag, doormen $1 to $2 if they hail you a taxi, and cleaning staff $1 a day at the end of your stay.
Guides and Drivers: Guides get $10 a day per person and drivers $5 a day per person.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, but with 20 Nicaraguan cordobas to the U.S. dollar, it can be hard for locals to convert small bills, so consider just exchanging dollars for cordobas at your trip’s start. "Once, when I was backpacking, I bought a hot dog," recalls Kotula, "and calculated that I could’ve bought 600 hot dogs with the money I had in my pocket."
P.S. "Nicaragua is a pretty sleepy country with a really tough history," says Kotula, one that’s "on a learning curve" when it comes to tourism. "So don’t expect high service standards unless you’re staying in chain hotels."
PERU
At Restaur
ants: Ten to 15 percent for the waiter.
At Hotels: One sol (50 cents) per bag for the porter, 4–10 soles per night for the housekeeper; tip the concierge only for special favors.
Guides and Drivers: Cabbies don’t get tips, as the fare is usually negotiated; private drivers get 10–15 percent of the daily rate; guides, 20 soles per person per day.
P.S. Despite a heavy tourist influx to the Cuzco area, Peru is not a tipping culture (locals don’t tip), but hawkers are a common sight, so give a little something if, say, you get your picture taken with a llama.
DON’T BE A JERK: TIPPING, CARIBBEAN-STYLE
In resorts throughout this necklace of islands, an all-inclusive service fee of 15 percent or more is a mainstay, the better to keep nagging tip calculations from cramping your blissed-out state. "I have yet to encounter a hotel in the Caribbean that doesnt charge a service fee," says Terry McCabe of Paramus, New Jersey’s Altour travel agency. Now, that doesnt mean you shouldnt tip over and above the all-inclusive fee when the occasion calls for it—something that will largely be determined by the service you receive.
Says Becky Veith of Erie, Pennsylvania’s Becky Veith Travel, "Both my clients and I have found service lacking in the Dominican Republic and Puerto Rico." You should also consider what you’re paying. With these factors in mind, heres a guide to tipping across the Caribbean.
At Restaurants: If it’s outside your resort package, check the bill to see if the gratuity is included. If not, tip 15 to 20 percent depending on the service. "I use the same tipping standards as at home," says McCabe. And she reminds naughtily, "If you give the bartender at your resort some money, there’ll always be a drink waiting for you."
At Hotels: Assuming there is a service charge, you might still tip the concierge for special favors such as nailing down hard-to-get dinner reservations. "Money talks," says Veith. "Hand the concierge whatever you think those seats are worth, $20 or $25, and they’ll get them for you." Tip bellboys a few dollars per bag and maids $20 for a week’s work, especially if you get to know them.
Increasingly, you may end up with a butler at top resorts, regardless of whether you want or need him. On a recent trip to Turks and Caicos, says McCabe, "I left my butler $50. But another guest had to call him back because hed unpacked her things and she couldn’t find where he’d put her bras."
Guides and Drivers: Most Caribbean tourists, when not vegetating on a beach, go off on bus tours and tip the guide a couple of dollars, but if you take a private tour, tip your guide about $25 and your driver about $10 for the day. Veith suggests another option: Ask a taxi driver what it will cost to take you here and there for a day, then tip 20 percent on top of that.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, except in the French Caribbean, which uses euros.
P.S. "If you charter a boat, they’ll include the service charge, says McCabe, "but if the captain takes you to 47 different little coves and jumps overboard to show you a conch, you can tip more." For spa treatments, tip 15 to 20 percent, "although you can probably do 10 to 15 percent in Mexico and the Dominican Republic and still feel pretty good about it," says Veith.

ASIA/THE PACIFIC
Tipping expectations vary widely throughout the region. "In India, they’ll run after you and scream for money," says Sandy Ferguson, who runs Asia Desk, a Georgia travel agency, "but in Southeast Asia they don’t," even though it’s considered polite to tip. The only rule that applies universally? "Always give the bellman at least a buck a bag," he says
AUSTRALIA/ NEW ZEALAND
At Restaurants: Ten to 15 percent for the waiter.
At Hotels: One doller per bag (in either Australian or New Zealand dollars, depending on where you are); $10–$20 to the concierge for a favor; $1–$5 per day to the housekeeper, depending on how messy you are.
Guides and Drivers: Ten percent for cabdrivers; $50 per person per day for a private guide; $5–$10 for a bus-tour guide; $20 per day for a private driver.
Who Else?: Ten to 15 percent for beauty and spa treatments; tip Aboriginal and Maori guides exactly what you would others.
Dollars Accepted?: Reluctantly.
P.S. "Twenty years ago, you’d be fired if you accepted a tip," says Donna Thomas of New Zealand Travel. Since then, tipping has spread "because Americans forced it on people." Be discreet and prepared to have your tip refused, especially in New Zealand, where people are particularly reserved.
CAMBODIA
At Restaurants: About $1 per diner for the waiter.
At Hotels: One to two dollars per bag for the porter; service charge included for everything else at nice hotels.
Guides and Drivers: About $1 for taxis; $2 per hour for private drivers; $10–$20 per person per day for tour guides.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes; what’s more, Sandy Ferguson of Asia Desk, a travel agency, discovered by chance that two-dollar bills open doors. Having gotten hold of a bundle of them in the U.S., Ferguson "almost caused a riot" in the airport when he paid that way. "Bring them to each hotel" for the porters, who consider them good luck—because of their rarity.
P.S. Ferguson says be prepared for unusually effusive thanks for a tip here. "Don’t get embarrassed by that," he says.
CHINA
The law of the land, and the rule at many hotels, is no tipping whatsoever. Fine hotels in China add in a compulsory service fee of 10–20 percent, so nothing is expected or even technically allowed beyond that. "It is not in the hotel’s interest to encourage this behavioral practice in one aspect of operations," says Gary Rubin of Imperial Tours. "It unbalances operations. However, it is almost impossible for them to stop it, and about five years ago they by and large gave in." Tip quietly and out of sight if you do—and not in front of employers. Also keep in mind that most tour guides get commissions from those tacky souvenir shops they take you through, so travel agents and hotel managers recommend against tipping them. Places where tipping is customary:
Massage Houses: About 10–30 yuan per massage—except in hotel spas, where the tip is included in the fee.
Luggage Porters: Ten yuan per bag is standard, though tourists generally leave twice that.
INDIA
At Restaurants: Fifteen percent to the waiter (or a few rupees at more modest establishments), though many posh spots now include a 10 percent service charge.
At Hotels: Fifty rupees (about $1)per bag for the porter; 250 rupees a night for the (low-paid) housekeeper.
Guides and Drivers: Fifty to 100 rupees a day for a car and driver. They usually expect lunch money for the day—about 40 rupees. Taxi and rickshaw drivers aren’t accustomed to tips, but you can tell them to keep the change—up to 10 percent.
Who Else?: Don’t be surprised if people ask for a tip for no apparent reason. The novelist and frequent India visitor Daphne Beal has even had people knock on her hotel room and ask, apropos of nothing, if "everything is all rig
ht." She doesn’t tip them.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, but not usually preferred.
P.S. Beal finds tipping, or "baksheesh" as it’s known, "kind of agonizing in India." One problem is the difficulty of getting small bills. "I tend to hoard them for tipping purposes," she says.
INDONESIA
At Restaurants: A 10 percent tip is included. "The locals will also throw down any loose change," says Diane Embree of Michael’s Travel Centre in Westlake Village, California. "I tell Americans they should do the same, up to maybe 15 percent total."
At Hotels: A 10 percent service charge is included, "but my understanding from talking to locals is that employees often don’t see it," says Embree. Thus, it’s okay but not required to hand out a dollar or two here and there to porters and cleaning staff. "It doesn’t mean that much to us, but it means a lot to them."
Guides and Drivers: Guides should get $10 per person per day and drivers half that. Tip taxi drivers about 10 percent.
Dollars Accepted? Absolutely.
P.S. If you go rafting or take an elephant ride, a modest tip is greatly appreciated. Ditto for spa services—think 15 to 20 percent.
JAPAN
Though it’s largely a non-tipping society, providers of certain services may appreciate a tip, but only in yen (estimate a little more than 100 yen to the dollar):
For a tour guide, offer 2,500–5,000 yen in an envelope.
A private driver will usually expect to have you buy his lunch, around 1,000 yen.
The room attendant at a ryokan—a traditional Japanese inn—usually gets 5,000 yen for one or two nights—always in an envelope.
To tip a cabdriver, round up for a very short ride—although he may refuse the extra.
Others who may decline your offer of a tip: concierges, porters, and waiters.
MALAYSIA
At Restaurants: A 10 percent tip is included, with locals rounding up the bill and leaving the change. You can do the same or leave 10 to 15 percent more if you’re so inclined.
At Hotels: Tip the bellboys the standard $1 per bag, but there’s no need to tip anyone else unless you really want to. "It won’t make a difference," says Cindy Yam, owner of Solutions Travel Service in Torrance, California. "It’s different from Thailand or China that way." Azda Hussein, of the Malaysia Tourism Promotion Board in Los Angeles, says he leaves $1 a day or so for the cleaning staff.
Guides and Drivers: Private guides and/or drivers should get $5 to $10 per person per day.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, but it’s easier for locals to trade in ringgits, the local currency (with about 3.7 ringgits to a U.S. dollar).
PAKISTAN
At Restaurants: The gratuity is not included in the bill. "Tip 5 percent or more at your discretion, but it’s not mandatory," says Shakur Alam of New York City’s Shalimar Travel Services.
At Hotels: Tip the concierge about $2 for special favors, bellboys $1 a bag, and cleaning ladies $1 to $2 a day. Five-star hotels may have butlers, whom you may tip about $5 at the end of your stay.
Guides and Drivers: Tip the guide and driver each $5 per person per day. Tip taxi drivers about 5 percent.
Dollars Accepted? Yes. "It’s always worthwhile to keep a few one-dollar bills on you," says Alam.
P.S. Pakistan is not really a tipping culture, Alam says. "Nobody will mind if you don’t tip, but they’ll be happy if you do."
PHILIPPINES
At Restaurants: Check the bill—a 10 percent service charge may be included, in which case you might leave an extra $1 or $2. If it’s not included, leave a 10 percent tip or a bit more.
At Hotels: A 10 percent service charge is usually included, but you should still give porters 50 cents to $1 per bag. Tip cleaning staff only if you see them or if you leave it in a clearly marked envelope, says Filipino-American Alex Clemente of San Francisco’s Rajah Tours. "Filipinos are not going to pick up money that’s left behind," he says. If a concierge goes out of his way to secure you good tickets or reservations, tip him $4 to $5.
Guides and Drivers: Guides get $20 to $50 a day, says Clemente, and drivers about $4 to $5. Tip taxi drivers about 10 percent.
Dollars Accepted? Yes! "If you tip in dollars, they will love you forever," says Clemente, "because it’s considered better-quality money" than the Filipino peso.
P.S. "If you get stopped by the police, stick 200 pesos (about $4) in your I.D.," says Clemente—and he is only half joking. Men in blue uniforms who often help you park your car should get 10 to 20 pesos—about 20 to 50 cents.
SINGAPORE
At Restaurants: As in Malaysia, a 10 percent tip is included. Feel free to leave a bit more, but it’s not expected.
At Hotels: Tip the concierge up to $10 if he does you a special favor like securing hard-to-get restaurant reservations. Bellboys get the standard $1 a bag. Leave cleaning staff a few dollars a day in an envelope if you wish, but it’s not expected.
Guides and Drivers: Guides taking you out for a full day should get $15 to $20 per person, which they will split with the driver, if there is one. With taxi drivers, just round up the fare and leave the change.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, but it’s easier to spend Singaporean dollars. (One U.S. dollar is about 1.5 Singaporean dollars.) Hand cabbies U.S. dollars and "they’ll be screaming at you for giving them a hassle," says Aik Wye Ng, a publicist for the Singaporean Tourist Board.
SOUTH KOREA
There’s really no tipping culture in South Korea, says Katie Kin, a salesperson for the Korean American Travel Bureau in New York City, and it’s not even expected of tourists. The exceptions include excursion guides, who get the standard $10 per person per day, and drivers, who get half that. Hotel porters should get the usual $1 per bag, says travel agent Cindy Yam. In other situations, "if you really love the service and you want to do something extra," you might tip, says Kin. Otherwise, you’re off the hook.
TAIWAN
At Restaurants: Check the bill; about half the restaurants include a 10 percent service fee. If yours doesn’t, leave 10 to 15 percent in a top restaurant and 10 percent in a regular one, says Judy Swen, owner of San Francisco’s Lassen Tours, which books trips to Taiwan.
At Hotels: You may tip the concierge $20 or so when you check in or out of the hotel, cleaning staff $2 per day (left in the room), porters $1 a bag, and doormen $1 to $2 if they call a cab.
Guides and Drivers: Tip 10 percent of their fee.
Dollars Accepted? In Taipei, yes; outside the cities, tip in the local currency.
P.S. "They don’t have tipping in the culture, but if you tip people, they’ll be really happy," says Swen.
THAILAND
At Restaurants: About $1 per diner for the waiter.
At Hotels: About $1–$2 per bag for the porter; no tip necessary for the housekeeper or the concierge (service charges are inclu
ded
At Hotels: of two stars or above).
Guides and Drivers: About $1 for taxis; $2 per hour for private drivers; $10–$20 per person per day for tour guides (who also tip tour drivers, so don’t worry about that).
Who Else?: If you ever find yourself at a local masseuse, a three-dollar tip at the end of the massage is about right.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, preferably two-dollar bills (see Cambodia).
P.S. A common feature in Thailand is the ubiquitous bathroom attendant. Some of them might even throw a towel over a man’s shoulders while he’s at the urinal. Fifty cents, or about 20 baht, should do it there. It’s also common to get a hot towel and drink upon checking into a nice hotel, but no tip is necessary, as the service is included.
VIETNAM
At Restaurants: Scan the bill first: The gratuity usually isn’t included, in which case you should leave about 10 percent, preferably in cash, and a bit more if you tip on a credit card. If the gratuity is included, throw a few more bills in on top.
At Hotels: Give the concierge about $20 if he does you a favor (like securing special reservations outside the hotel). Cleaning staff get about $2 a day, left at the end of your stay on the nightstand, where it’s easily visible. You don’t need to tip doormen.
Guides and Drivers: Guides get $10 per person per day and drivers half that, given at your last encounter if you venture out more than one day. You don’t need to tip taxi drivers, but you can round up the fare (so if the fare is 45,000 dong, leave a 50,000-dong bill). Work out the fare in advance with drivers of cyclos, or bicycle carriages, which are common and usually charge about $10 per hour. It’s okay to add on a few dollars’ tip.
Dollars Accepted? Yes.
P.S. Tip a massage therapist in a fancy hotel $5 to $10. If you go to a days-long spa—the kind "where they make you drink green tea till it’s coming out your ears," says Ferguson—they’ll tell you the tipping policy in advance. "Bring all the $2 bills you can," advises Ferguson, "and use them to tip porters. The $2 bill is rare in Vietnam and is considered lucky."
How to NOT Tip in the South Pacific
"Bali Ha’i may call you, any night, any day," as the song goes—but that doesn’t mean that folks there or in any other part of the South Pacific, including cities on the "big islands" of Australia and New Zealand, are calling for your Western-style tips. "One of the real selling points about going to these places is that you don’t have to tip, says Kleon Howe of The Art of Travel, in San Diego, which books trips across the region. It’s just not part of the indigenous cultures here. "For the island groups, the first time you arrive you are an honored guest, and people would never in a million years suggest that you have to pay for service," continues Howe. "The second time, you are family, and they would never ask a family member to tip." Not that those old island ways aren’t increasingly coming up against Western notions: Many resorts now have so-called Christmas-fund jars up front where you can indulge your American tipping itch by stuffing in a few dollars daily (the money is divvied up among the staff).
There are other subtle exceptions to the no-tipping norms. "If you go into a restaurant that you think is three-star and they blow you away with service and food, tip as high as 20 percent," suggests Matt Knowles of Sea Escape Travel in Folsom, California. In many resort restaurants, a 10 percent tip may be included, and you don’t have to add to it. Really. In hotels, you can try to give porters a few dollars for carrying your bags, but according to Knowles, "they are not going to be standing there with their hand out." Ditto the cleaning staff: If you tip a few dollars, do it face-to-face or leave it with the front desk in an envelope at trip’s end, because otherwise they won’t take it. As for concierges, if they do something really special for you at a five- or six-star resort (such as Kangaroo Island’s Southern Ocean Lodge or Fiji’s Vatulele Island), tip accordingly. Some top resorts also have butlers, whom you should tip $5 to $10 a day, depending on what they do for you.
Other instances where you might tip up to 15 percent are after top-notch spa treatments, during winery visits where staff go out of their way to welcome you beyond the simple pour, and on group tours with a really great guide and scuba outings helmed by a virtuoso dive master. Always show your appreciation in the local currency, not in U.S. dollars (they’re difficult for locals to trade).
But most of all, try to reconcile your brawny American sense of tipping with native ideas of what’s proper. Howe puts it all in perspective: "Let’s say you decide to do a private picnic on one of the little atolls and somebody takes you out there in a boat and comes back for you later. It would be acceptable to give him a 10 percent tip but not expected." Paradise, then, in more ways than one.

EUROPE
As Eastern and Central European countries become tourist enticers alongside Western European favorites, you’re left to wonder what to tip where, and when to put down dollars, euros, or local currency. One rule applies across the board: "Tip in cash," not on a credit card, says Gwen Kozlowski of Exeter International in Tampa, Florida. "If you don’t, the server won’t necessarily get it"
CROATIA
At Restaurants: If you’re ordering just coffee or a drink, leave the change. For a quick, casual dinner at a konoba, as taverns are called, leave about $1. For dinner in a nice restaurant, where tips usually are not included, leave about 10 to 15 percent.
At Hotels: Concierges aren’t common, but tip them $5 if they do something special for you, says Wanda S. Radetti of Tasteful Croatian Journeys in New York. Cleaning staff get a few dollars per day in an envelope at the end of your stay; bellboys get $1 per bag. You might also want to leave the dining-room breakfast staff $5 at stay’s end if they’ve taken good care of you.
Guides and Drivers: Tip them separately 10 to 20 percent per day. With taxi drivers, just leave the change.
Dollars Accepted? Not so much; use euros.
P.S. If you’re sailing the Croatian coastline, at the end of your trip leave about $50 per person for the skipper and about 15 to 20 percent of the total cost of the journey for the kitchen staff, if there is one.
CZECH REPUBLIC
At Restaurants: There’s usually a service charge, but consider tipping on top of it—up to 15 percent total. When it comes to good service, Czechs get it, says Kozlowski admiringly. "They regularly serve the British market, English is widely spoken, and they’ll find a way to make things special for you."
At Hotels: Tip concierges about $20 if they do something really special for you. Bellhops get $1 to $2 per bag, cleaning staff $3 to $5 a day.
Guides and Drivers: Tip guides $15 to $20 per person per day for small groups and $10 per person per day for larger groups; tip drivers half that. In taxis, round up the fare.
Dollars Accepted? Yes. Euros too.
P.S. If you get a special backstage tour—at, for example, Prague’s Estates Theatre, where Mozart debuted Don Giovanni—tip the guide a few dollars.
ESTONIA
At Restaurants: "They don’t tip much
over there," says Natasha Tichy, of Wexford, Pennsylvania’s Frontiers International Travel. Most locals leave nothing at all on meals during the day. So leave just a few coins; at night in a nice restaurant, tip 5 to 8 percent—in cash.
At Hotels: Most have a basket at the front counter where you can leave a few dollars a day for the whole staff. Porters get $1 to $2 per bag. You might give a concierge $5 if he goes out of his way for you.
Guides and Drivers: Guides get $15 to $20 per day, drivers 60 to 70 percent of that. With taxis, you can round up the fare, but you don’t have to.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, and euros too, but if you’re tipping folks who don’t regularly deal with tourists, tip in Estonian kroons, which are about 12 to the U.S. dollar (it’s probably easier for them).
FRANCE
At Restaurants: The words service compris on your bill mean no tip is required, but most locals leave up to 10 percent in coins. Tipping at bars is not expected.
At Hotels: One euro per bag; 1–2 euros for a housekeeper; 10–15 euros per restaurant reservation made by a concierge—half on arrival at the hotel, half at the end.
Guides and Drivers: About 25 euros per person per day for guides, and up to 50 euros for one who’s nationally certified; a separate driver should get about half of that. Give 10–20 euros for private airport transfers, depending on the driver’s wait time and the in-car amenities, and a euro or two for taxi drivers, depending on how helpful they are.
GERMANY
At Restaurants: Ten to 15 percent to the waiter or bartender—just add it to the bill.
At Hotels: Three euros per bag for the porter; 5 euros per night for the housekeeper; 20 euros for a helpful concierge.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, but euros are recommended.
P.S. Despite its reputation for precision, Germany has no hang-ups about generous tipping.
GREECE
At Restaurants: Round up, plus a little more for excellent service—say, to the fives (25 euros for a 22-euro meal).
At Hotels: Porters, a euro per bag; housekeepers, a euro a day at most; concierges only for something very special.
Guides and Drivers: No tip expected for taxis—round up and they’ll be delighted; private drivers, 20 euros per day, 50 if they’ve gone out of their way. Group tours, 2–5 euros per person; personal tours, 20 or more.
Who Else?: If you charter a boat, the captain will let you know if the crew gets underpaid, and will collect a euro or two from everyone; tip the captain 50 euros per person at most.
P.S. Alec Mally, an American former diplomat now living in Greece, notes that since the introduction of the euro, tipping expectations have become considerably inflated, because people tend to round up to the next euro. Four euros for a 3-euro drink isn’t unheard of.
HUNGARY
At Restaurants: When it comes to great service, "Hungary isn’t quite there yet," says Kozlowski. "If the service is good, I leave 10 percent of the total bill in cash, tops. If it’s just coffee, I leave pocket change."
At Hotels: Tip concierges about $20 if they do something extra­ordinary like secure you hard-to-get tickets. Porters get $1 to $2 per bag, cleaning staff $3 to $5 a day.
Guides and Drivers: Tip guides $15 to $20 per person per day for small groups and $10 per person per day for larger groups; tip drivers half that. In taxis, round up the fare.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, if they’re undamaged and crisp, and never give American coins.
P.S. Expect to tip train porters $1 to $2 per bag. Spas will probably include a 10 percent service fee, but you can tip 10 percent on top of that.
ICELAND
At Restaurants: A 15 percent tip is built in, and don’t leave more than 5 percent on top of that. Overall, "there’s no tipping in Iceland," says Tor D. Jensen of Jensen World Travel in Wilmette, Illinois.
At Hotels: There is simply no tipping of any sort, says Jensen.
Guides and Drivers: You can give guides about $10 a day and drivers $5, but it’s not expected. "You might treat them to lunch," says Jensen.
Dollars Accepted? Yes.
ITALY
At Restaurants: Leave as close to 10 percent as is convenient, but no more.
At Hotels: Porters, 5 euros; housekeepers, 1–2 euros per night, more for extra service.
(or 15–20 percent of the tab).
Who Else?: Despite the old-world romance of a ride on the canal, tipping gondoliers and vaporettos isn’t customary.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, but euros are much preferred.
P.S. "There is no fixed percentage as in the U.S.," says Filippo Curinga, of Italy-based IDI Travel. Another travel agent recommends insisting if your tip is first refused—it’s a common demurral in Italy.
RUSSIA
At Restaurants: Give 10 percent in cash directly to the waiter; leave it on the table and management might pocket it.
At Hotels: Porters, $3–$5 per trip made; housekeepers, $2–$3 per night; concierges, $10–$20 for good service.
Guides and Drivers: Cabbies, 10 percent; drivers, $20–$30 per full day; private guides, $35–$45 per full day.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, but make sure bills are free of marks, stains, and tears—otherwise Russian banks will charge the recipient a fee for exchanging them.
P.S. No need to tip discreetly in Nouveau Russia: "Giving in style is good practice," says travel agent Natasha Tichy of Frontiers International. "Putting it in an envelope with a thank-you note makes a better impression than shoving a bank note into one’s hand."
SCANDINAVIA
Tipping here is fairly formalized; either the service is included in the bill, or tipping isn’t done. Taxi drivers don’t expect tips, and even many porters and coatroom attendants have fixed fees and don’t expect a penny more. Hotel and restaurant bills usually include service charges. Scandinavia is an expensive place, but since you won’t have to shell out much more than you see on the bill, at least you know what you’re getting into.
SPAIN
At Restaurants: If the service is good, round up the bill to anywhere from 7 to 13 percent and leave it in cash, not on a credit card, says Virginia Irurita of Madrid’s Made for Spain travel agency. If the service isn’t good, she says, "you can leave the table without giving a tip and nobody will say a word. Americans are coming here and leaving 20 percent, so some waiters are getting spoiled."
At Hotels: Tip concierges who do you a special favor 5 to 10 euros, cleaning staff about 5 euros a day (up front if you want them to treat you extra nice), and bellboys about one euro per bag.
Guides and Drivers: Leave guides 30 euros per person per day (up to 40 if they’re really good), drivers half that. With taxi drivers, round up the fare.
Dollars Accepted? Euros are strongly preferred.
SWITZERLAND
At Restaurants: Most places includ
e a 15 percent service charge. On top of that, leave small change in casual places and between 5 and 10 percent extra in posh spots, depending on the service.
At Hotels: A service charge is included in the bill, so tip the concierge $10 to $20 only if he makes you a special reservation.Hand the cleaning lady $5 to $10 on the spot if she goes out of her way for you.
Guides and Drivers: Really good guides get about $40 per person per small group per day, drivers half that. With taxi drivers, tip 5 to 10 percent or round up the fare.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, but euros and the Swiss franc—valued right now a bit under one U.S. dollar—are preferred.
TURKEY
At Restaurants: Ten percent or a bit more, in cash—you can’t put it on your credit card.
At Hotels: Porters, $2 per bag; $10 for a very helpful concierge.
Guides and Drivers: Taxi drivers aren’t generally tipped, but rounding up works, and drivers will sometimes just take the initiative and keep the change. Private cars get $25 per day, regardless of the size of the group. Tour guides get $5–$10 per day per person; private tour guides, $20 and up.
Who Else?: At Turkish baths, the masseur gets $10 or 10 percent, whichever is greater. If you charter a boat, give the crew 5 percent of the price; if you rent a boat cabin, $10 per person per day. And don’t forget to tip attendants at the carparks—$4 should do it.
Dollars Accepted?: Yes, and euros, in addition to lira.
P.S. "Tipping is at one’s own discretion," says Earl Starkey at Protravel International, which specializes in planning trips to Turkey. "If you are not pleased with the services rendered, don’t tip. It isn’t like New York, where the waiter might follow you out onto the street."
UKRAINE
At Restaurants: Ukraine is "just emerging as a good tourist des­tination," says Kozlowski. "English isn’t widely spoken, and service can be surly." Leave 10 percent for a really good dining experience; otherwise, round up the bill.
At Hotels: Most add on a hefty 20 percent tax that includes a service charge. "I generally just leave some pocket change for the cleaning staff," says Kozlowski. "It’s not like they’re knocking on your door offering turndown service."
Guides and Drivers: Guides get $15 to $20 per person per day, drivers $5 to $10.
Dollars Accepted? Yes, as are euros.
P.S. "Nobody’s doing any special service there," says Kozlowski. "You’re not going to the spa in Ukraine, trust me."
UNITED KINGDOM
At Restaurants: Service is often included; if not, tip 10–15 percent. Sometimes you’ll see an "optional" charge added to the bill; make sure you’re not just blindly paying it but adjusting to the level you feel comfortable with. And feel free to round to the nearest pound—up or down. Tipping in pubs is not customary.
At Hotels: Porters, 1–2 pounds per bag; housekeepers, 1–2 pounds. Go up to 5 pounds apiece at the five-star hotels.
Guides and Drivers: Taxis, 10 percent or less; tipping optional for a narrated boat tour through the Thames—they’ll certainly ask. A few pounds, up to 10 percent, for a guide or driver at the end of the day, or maybe take him to lunch. Not much more is expected, as Brits don’t always expect to tip when they’re abroad.
Dollars Accepted?: Pounds much preferred.
P.S. Tipping is said to have originated in sixteenth-century England, and though it has since spread across the globe, England has by and large gone the way of most of Europe: Tips are included in many bills, especially in formal settings, and discretion is key in handing them over.